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晋太宗宣武帝实录17

    陈牧:寡人闻,政者,正也,何也?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为是也,为人君者,正心以正朝廷,正朝廷以正百官,正百官以正万民,正万民以正四方。四方正,远近莫敢不壹于正,而亡有邪气jian其间者,是以阴阳调而风雨时,群生和而万民殖,诸福之物,可致之祥,莫不毕至,而政治成焉。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

    chenmu:Iheard,Theessenceofpoliticsisjustice,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

    xiaofan:Ithinkso,Whentheking‘sheartisfullofjustice,thenthegovernmentcanbejust,Onlywhenthegovernmentisjustwilltheofficialsbecomerighteous,Onlywhenofficialsarejustcantheymakethepeoplejustice,Whenthepeoplearefullofjustice,theworldwillbeharmoniousandstable,Thisistheembodimentofthehighestlevelofpolitics。Becausethis,countrywillalsobegovernedverywell。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:昨日梦遇太祖,寡人甚思之,请先生为我诵《高祖遗训》。

    萧凡:臣遵旨,太祖日:尔父,少去乡里,出身微寒,四十年间,位极九鼎,其间出万死,获一生者非一,破骨出镞者凡百余,尔曹生于膏粱,不知稼穑,当知尔父起家如此也,勿忘之。

    陈牧:先生置之,寡人悲不自胜。

    chenmu:IdreamedofmyfatheryesterdayandImisshimterribly,Sir,pleasereadmyfather‘slastwords。

    xiaofan:hesaid,Iwasbornpoorandleftmyparentsatanearlyage,Afterdecadesofhardwork,Ibecameemperor,Ialmostdiedmanytimesduringthistime,AndI‘vebeeninjuredmorethanahundredtimes,Yourbrotherswerebornrichanddidnotknowhardships,Soyouhavetoknowthehardshipsofyourfather‘sbusiness,Don‘tforgetit。

    chenmu:Sirdon‘treaditanymore,Ilistenedverysadly

    陈牧:寡人欲布教化于天下,先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,古之明王南面而治天下,莫不以教化为大务。立太学以教于国,设痒序以化于邑,渐民以仁,摩民以谊,节民以礼,故其刑罚甚轻而禁不犯者,教化行而习俗美也。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

    chenmu:Iwanttoeducatetheworld,Sirtaughtmehowtodoit。

    xiaofan:Ithink,Ancientkingsruledtheworldandattachedimportancetoindoctrination,Therefore,theysetupschoolstopromoteindoctrination,Inspirethepeoplewithbenevolenceandetiquette,Therefore,althoughthelawsentencesarelight,fewpeopleviolatethelight,Theimplementationofindoctrinationhasmadethesocialatmospherebetter。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:今羌王已至庭阙,寡人欲因势斩之,可乎?先生以为如何?

    萧凡:臣以为,王者之于戎狄,叛则讨之,服则舍之。今羌王既服其罪,又从而诛之,后有叛者,不可得而怀矣。必以为有罪而讨之,则宜陈师鞠旅,明致其罚。今乃遣使者诱以爵位而杀之,后有奉使诸国者,复可信乎!且以大晋之强,而为盗贼之谋于蛮夷,不亦羞乎?

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

    chenmu:TheKingofQianghadarrivedinthecapital,Iwantedtotaketheopportunitytokillhim,Sirwhatdoyouthink?

    xiaofan:Ithink,Thekinghastwoattitudestowardsforeignnations,Whentheybetray,youwillgoonacrusadeagainstthem,Whentheysurrender,youappeasethem,Nowhehassurrendered,butyouaregoingtokillhim,Inthefuture,iftherearebetrayers,theycannotbeappeased,Ifyouthinkheisguiltyandcrusadeagainsthim,Thensendanarmytofightthemandtellthepeopleoftheworldwhy,Nowyouhaveluredhimhereandareabouttokillhim,I‘mafraidothercountrieswon‘tbelieveyouanymore,Besides,ourcountryissopowerful,butyouhaveusedsuchlow-levelmeans,It‘sashamefulthing。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

    陈牧:近闻兰陵公荒yin无道,寡人当如何处之?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,兰陵公亲近群小,渐渍邪恶所习,存亡之机,不可不慎也!当选通经行义者与兰陵公起居,坐则诵《诗》、《书》,立则习礼容,宜有所益,免受薄昭之罚。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

    chenmu:RecentlyIheardthatLanlingGongwasabsurdandunscrupulous,WhatshouldIdowithhim?Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,LanLinggonghasrecentlybeenclosetothevillain,Andlearnedsomebadthings,Hehasreachedaverydangerouspoint,Youhavetohandlethiswithcare,Youshouldletthevirtuouspersonlivewithhim,Theseteachersusuallytaughthimtoreadandtaughthimmanners,Hewillcertainlyimprovehisownsoasnottobepunished,LikeBoZhao。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:颍川太守黄琼在郡数年,政事愈治,何也?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,其为政厚教化,所至必聘其贤士,以礼待用,广谋议,纳谏争;表孝悌有行,修治学官,春秋乡射,陈钟鼓、管弦,盛升降、揖让;及郡试讲武,设斧钺、旌旗,习射、御之事;治城郭,收赋租,先明布告其日;以期会为大事。吏民敬畏,趋乡之。又置正、五长,相率以孝悌;不得舍jian人,闾里阡陌有非常,吏辄闻知,jian人莫敢入界,是以大治。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

    chenmu:Forseveralyears,HuangQionghasgovernedYingchuanverywell,Sirtoldmewhy?

    xiaofan:Ithink,Hegovernedthecitywithastrongemphasisoneducation,Recruittalentedpeopleandrespectthem,Heexpandeddemocraticmeetingsandacceptedthesuggestionsofothers,Honoractsoffilialpietyandfraternity,Hesetupschoolstopromoteculture,Heattachesgreatimportancetothemilitarytoremindpeoplenottoforgetaboutsafety,Hewouldtellpeopleinadvancewhenhewastaxingandbuilding,Therefore,peoplerespectedandadmiredhimverymuch,Atthesametime,hesetupofficialstoteachpeoplefilialpietyandfraternity,Andhedemandedthatpeopleshouldnothideadulterers,Sopeopleareverycooperativewithhiswork,ItmakesYingchuan‘sgovernancebetterandbetter。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:寡人闻有王道、霸道之别,何为王道?何为霸道?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,王霸无异道,昔三代之隆,礼乐、征伐自天子出,则谓之王道,天子微弱不能治诸侯,诸侯有能率其与国同讨不庭,以尊王室者,则谓之霸道,其所以行之也,皆本仁祖义,任贤使能,赏善罚恶,禁暴诛乱是也。

    陈牧:先生之言甚善,然,寡人欲王道、霸道杂而用之,阴阳不可偏废尔。

    chenmu:IwanttoknowwhatisthepathoftheHolyKingandwhatisthewayoftheOverlord,Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Idon‘tthinkthere‘smuchdifferenceinnaturebetweenthetwo,Inancienttimes,emperorswereabletohandlepoliticsandmilitaryaffairsindependently,whichwasthewayoftheHolyKing,Theemperorwashumbleandcouldnotruleovervassalstates,Ifsomeoneuniteswithothervassalstatestofightagainstacountrythatdoesnotobeythecentralgovernment,andmaintaintheauthorityofthecentralgovernment,Thisisthewayoftheoverlord,Thereisareasonwhythesetwocanberecognizedbytheworld,Theyallpracticebenevolenceandupholdjustice,Appointtalents,rewardgoodness,punishevil,fightriots,andmaintainstability,That‘saboutit。

    chenmu:Sirisright,ButIwantedtostrikeabalancebetweenthetwo。